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How did the widely used titanium wire come about? Understand the use, production, and classification of titanium wire

The characteristics of titanium are light weight, high strength, metallic luster, and good corrosion resistance. Due to its stable chemical properties, it has good resistance to high temperature, low temperature, strong acid, and strong alkali, as well as high strength and low density, and is known as the "space metal", "smart metal", "bio metal", and "versatile metal".
1、 Titanium wire classification: titanium alloy wire, pure titanium eyeglass wire, titanium straight wire, pure titanium wire, titanium welding wire, titanium hanger wire, titanium disc wire, titanium bright wire, medical titanium wire, titanium nickel alloy wire.
2、 Specification of titanium wire
A. Titanium wire specification: 0.8mm to 6.0mm
B. Specification of glasses titanium wire: specialized titanium wire with a diameter of 1.0mm to 6.0mm
C. Titanium wire specification: specialized for hanging tools with a diameter of 0.2mm to 8.0mm
The main uses of titanium wire include welding wire, production of springs, rivets, etc. Widely used in aviation, marine, petrochemical, pharmaceutical and other fields.
1. Welding wire, currently over 80% of titanium and titanium alloy wires are used as welding wire. For example, welding of various titanium equipment, welding of welded pipes, repair welding of aviation jet engine turbine disks and blades, welding of engine casings, etc.
2. Titanium is widely used in industries such as chemical, pharmaceutical, and papermaking due to its excellent corrosion resistance. For example, Tianjin Chemical Plant uses 3.2mm pure titanium wire to weave a filter mesh.
3. Titanium and titanium alloy wire are used to manufacture fasteners, load-bearing components, springs, etc. due to their excellent comprehensive performance. For example, Xi'an High Pressure Valve Factory uses TC4 wire to manufacture valve compression springs.
4. In the healthcare industry, titanium and titanium alloy wires are used to manufacture medical devices, implant dental crowns for fixation, skull fixation, etc.
5. Some titanium alloys are used to manufacture satellite antennas and shoulder pads for clothing due to their shape memory function.
6. In the electroplating and water treatment industries, titanium and titanium alloy wires are used to manufacture various electrodes.
Titanium wire and titanium alloy wire drawing is a metal plastic processing process in which the wire rod or wire blank is pulled out from the die hole of the drawing die under the action of drawing force to produce small section titanium and titanium alloy wire. Metal wires with different cross-sectional shapes and sizes of various metals and alloys can be produced by drawing. The pulled wire has precise dimensions, smooth surface, and simple drawing equipment and molds, making it easy to manufacture. When drawing ultrafine metal wires with a diameter less than 0.05mm, it is difficult to pass through the mold. In order to improve the stability of the drawing process, reduce the number of breaks and passes through the mold, and improve the production efficiency of drawing, a safety factor K value greater than 2.0 can be used.
Drawing above the recrystallization temperature is hot drawing, while drawing above room temperature but below the recrystallization temperature is warm drawing. Cold drawing is a widely used drawing method in the production of metal wires and wires. During hot drawing, the metal wire needs to be heated before entering the mold hole, mainly used for drawing high melting point metals such as tungsten, molybdenum, and other metal wires. During warm drawing, the metal wire also needs to be heated to a specified temperature range by a heater before entering the mold hole for drawing. It is mainly used for drawing zinc wire, difficult to deform alloy wire such as high-speed steel wire and bearing steel wire.
According to the number of molds that the metal wire passes through simultaneously during the drawing process, drawing through only one mold is a single pass drawing, and drawing through several (2-25) molds in sequence is a multi pass continuous drawing. The line speed of single pass drawing is low, and the productivity and labor productivity are low. It is commonly used for drawing large wire diameter, low plasticity, and irregular wire and thread. Multi pass drawing has high wire speed, high degree of mechanization and automation, high productivity and labor productivity, and is the main method of metal wire and wire production. It is divided into non sliding continuous drawing and sliding continuous drawing.
According to the lubricant state used during drawing, wet drawing uses liquid lubricant, while dry drawing uses solid lubricant.
According to the cross-sectional shape of the drawn metal wire, there are circular wire drawing and irregular wire drawing.
According to the tension applied to the metal wire being pulled, there are positive tension pulling and reverse tension pulling.
There are also special drawing techniques, such as roll die drawing!
3、 Process characteristics: The stress state of metal wire drawing is a triaxial principal stress state of biaxial compressive stress and uniaxial tensile stress. Compared with the triaxial principal stress state of compressive stress, the drawn metal wire is more likely to reach a plastic deformation state.
The deformation state of pull-out is a three-dimensional main deformation state from two-dimensional compression deformation to tensile deformation, which is unfavorable for the plasticity of metal materials and is more prone to surface defects. The deformation amount of the wire drawing process is limited by its safety factor. If the deformation amount of the wire drawing process is small, there will be more wire drawing processes. Therefore, multi pass continuous high-speed drawing is often used in the production of wire.
4、 Common Problems and Solutions in Metal Wire Pulling and Pulling
In metal processing, external force is used to force carbon steel, stainless steel, aluminum, copper and other metals through a mold, compressing their cross-section into the desired shape and size. This is the common drawing process we use. The drawing process is divided into dry drawing and wet drawing according to the different equipment and lubricants used. This article briefly introduces common problems and solutions in wet drawing.
The selection of wet drawing process is generally aimed at small diameters, surface smoothness, or metal drawing with special requirements for subsequent processing technology. The main categories of wet lubricants include pure oil, synthetic oil, emulsion, paste, etc. The selection of wet drawing lubricants is mainly based on a comprehensive consideration of various factors such as raw material materials, molds, surface quality, and downstream applications. For example, for commonly used stainless steel drawing, pure oil with high viscosity and special extreme pressure additives is generally selected. For carbon steel, emulsion is generally selected. For non-ferrous metals, pure oil or synthetic oil can be selected according to the final application requirements, and emulsion can also be selected. If there are special requirements, you can also choose a paste.
Generally speaking, in practical operation, various problems will arise regardless of the dry or wet drawing process. Let's take a look at the common problems and corresponding solutions during the wet pulling process.
1. Wire discoloration
The surface discoloration of wires (such as copper) is mainly caused by oxidation discoloration, which occurs under inappropriate temperature and humidity conditions. It is possible that the emulsion concentration is too low or the temperature is abnormal; Excessive adhesion of oil to the wire; Unqualified water quality; Mixing of foreign oil products, etc.
Once the reason for its discoloration is identified, corresponding solutions can be taken based on the actual situation. For example, if the emulsion concentration is too low, raise it to the normal standard; The temperature should be adjusted to a normal range of 35 ℃~45 ℃ if it is abnormal; Check if there is any wire drawing oil overflowing from the outlet; Remove foreign oil products mixed in the emulsion.
2. Mold wear is significant
The reasons for the large loss of molds are improper operation of the machine and incorrect selection of lubricants. If the machine is not running properly, the operator needs to practice continuously and check its working condition before each run.
In addition, lubricants play a crucial role in assisting and driving the wire drawing process, and their selection is of utmost importance. Currently, drawing products from CONDAT are highly regarded by many companies. On the one hand, its product line is complete, covering almost all wire drawing applications; on the other hand, VICAFIL? Representative lubricants have the advantages of fast drawing speed, good chemical compatibility, and low wire breakage, which can extend the service life of molds. Not only that, CONDAT can also customize lubrication solutions, leading the way in the wire drawing industry.
3. Breaks, scratches, and burrs
The broken wires, scratches, and burrs greatly affect the aesthetics and quality of the product. The reasons for these problems may be contamination of metal shavings caused by direct contact between metal and mold due to insufficient lubrication, blockage of mold holes, or aging of lubricants. Measures such as removing metal shavings, clearing blockages, and replacing lubricants can be taken through filtration equipment to solve these problems.
4. Emulsion delamination/excessive surface precipitation
Microbial invasion, low pH, high hardness and inorganic salt content of the mixing water, and high temperature of the emulsion can all cause emulsion delamination or excessive precipitation on the surface of the wire. Solutions should also be targeted.
If it is a microbial invasion, fungicides can be added and supplemented with sodium hydroxide solution or triethylamine alcohol; If the pH is too low, it is also necessary to supplement with sodium hydroxide solution or triethylamine alcohol; When the hardness and inorganic salt content of the mixing water are too high, it is necessary to replace the mixing water; The temperature of the emulsion is too high, so it needs to be cooled moderately before use.

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