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What is the role of titanium in steel?

1、 The influence of titanium on the microstructure and heat treatment of steel

① Titanium has a strong affinity with nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon, making it a good deoxygenation and degassing agent as well as an effective element for fixing nitrogen and carbon.

② The compound of titanium and carbon (TiC) has strong binding force and high stability. Only when heated above 1000 ℃ will it slowly dissolve into the solid solution of iron. TiC particles have the effect of preventing the growth and coarsening of steel grains.

③ Titanium is one of the strong ferrite forming elements, which reduces the austenite phase zone. Solid solution titanium improves the hardenability of steel, while the presence of TiC particles reduces the hardenability of steel.

④ When the titanium content reaches a certain value, precipitation hardening can occur due to the dispersed precipitation of TiFe2.

2、 The influence of titanium on the mechanical properties of steel

① When titanium exists in a solid solution state in ferrite, its strengthening effect is higher than that of aluminum, manganese, nickel, molybdenum, etc., and second to beryllium, phosphorus, copper, and silicon.

② The influence of titanium on the mechanical properties of steel depends on its morphology, the ratio of Ti and C content, and the heat treatment method. When the mass fraction of titanium is between 0.03% and 0.1%, the yield strength can be improved, but when the ratio of Ti and C exceeds 4, its strength and toughness sharply decrease.

③ Titanium can improve durability and creep resistance.

④ Titanium has an improving effect on the toughness of steel, especially the low-temperature impact toughness.

3、 The influence of titanium on the physical, chemical, and process properties of steel

① Improve the stability of steel in high temperature, high pressure, and hydrogen.

② Titanium can improve the corrosion resistance of stainless acid resistant steel, especially its resistance to intergranular corrosion.

③ In low-carbon steel, when the ratio of Ti to C reaches 4.5 or higher, due to the fixation of oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon, it has good resistance to stress corrosion and alkali embrittlement.

④ Adding titanium to steel with a mass fraction of 4% -6% chromium can improve its oxidation resistance at high temperatures.

⑤ Adding titanium to steel can promote the formation of a nitride layer and quickly obtain the required surface hardness. Titanium containing steel is known as "rapid nitriding steel" and can be used to manufacture high-precision screws.

⑥ Improving the Weldability of Low Carbon Manganese Steel and High Alloy Stainless Sodium

4、 The Application of Titanium in Steel

① When the mass fraction of titanium exceeds 0.025%, it can be considered as an alloying element.

② Titanium, as an alloying element, is widely used in ordinary low alloy steel, alloy structural steel, alloy tool steel, high-speed tool steel, stainless and acid resistant steel, heat-resistant and non peeling steel, permanent magnet alloys, and cast steel.

③ Titanium has been used as various advanced materials and has become an important strategic material, accounting for more than half of its usage in the aerospace industry, such as aerospace and power machinery.

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