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Research on the Development Model and Path of China's New Materials Industry from the Perspective of Military Civilian Collaborative Innovation: Takin

introduction
New materials are the material foundation and technological precursor for national defense and military construction. They play an important strategic role in the development of weapons and equipment, and play an important role in promoting the development of national defense technology and the national economy. To some extent, they are a representation of the strength of national defense forces. New materials have typical military civilian dual-use characteristics that are commonly used in technology related products, and are one of the important fields and core industries for coordinated military civilian development. Titanium alloy is a high-performance non-ferrous metal material with strategic significance, and also an important new military material. Titanium alloy has the characteristics of lightweight, high strength, and corrosion resistance, and has been widely used in the field of aerospace equipment manufacturing. It plays an irreplaceable role in the development of weapons and equipment. Due to the high cost of refining and processing manufacturing, as well as the difficulty of processing technology, China's titanium alloy industry cannot fully meet the needs of national defense and military construction. Therefore, choosing the titanium alloy industry as the research object for coordinated development between military and civilian sectors is of great significance for consolidating the foundation of manufacturing and defense technology industry, and promoting the integration of military and civilian sectors through military civilian collaborative innovation in the new materials industry.
Military civilian collaborative innovation is one of the important models of technological innovation in various countries around the world. The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly proposed to adhere to the path of building a strong military with distinctive features, and proposed to "adhere to the unity of enriching the country and strengthening the military, strengthen unified leadership, top-level design, reform and innovation, and major project implementation, deepen the reform of national defense technology and industry, form a deep development pattern of military civilian integration, and build an integrated national strategic system and capabilities.". The resolution of the Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee proposed the establishment of a collaborative innovation mechanism between industry, academia, and research, and also clearly stated the need to "improve the national defense industry system and the national defense science and technology collaborative innovation system.". The key to promoting the coordinated development of military and civilian sectors in key industries is to achieve deep integration of defense technology industry and national industry in various links of the industrial chain in key industries through technological collaborative innovation. Collaborative innovation in military civilian technology is a prerequisite and key link for the coordinated development of the industrial chain. From the perspective of collaborative innovation, analyzing the integration of the industrial chain can better start from the essence of innovation and collaboration, identify problems in the coordinated development of military and civilian industries in key industrial areas, and then propose more targeted countermeasures and suggestions.
1. Overview of relevant theories and model settings
1.1 Military civilian collaborative innovation
Military civilian collaborative innovation requires the integration of national defense technology innovation and civilian innovation systems, achieving resource integration, sharing of achievements, and interactive collaboration, so as to maximize the input-output efficiency of national scientific and technological innovation. In the context of the integrated development of national defense technology industry and national industry, many scholars have conducted beneficial explorations on the concept of military civilian collaborative innovation. Military civilian collaborative innovation refers to the innovative organizational form in which military civilian innovation entities face the major strategic needs of national military civilian dual-use, carry out close collaborative interaction across departments, fields, regions, and industries, achieve knowledge appreciation and major technological innovation, and integrate and improve innovation performance. The concept of military civilian collaborative innovation should be analyzed from four dimensions: strategy, organization, system, and knowledge, with industrial clusters as key nodes. At present, domestic experts and scholars mainly focus on the construction of the military civilian collaborative innovation system from the perspectives of enterprise development, intellectual property ownership, enterprise technology transfer, and collaborative innovation mechanism construction. In the existing research on military civilian collaborative innovation, there are relatively few achievements that combine collaborative innovation with industry chain integration theory.
1.2 Industry Chain Theory
There is no unified and accurate definition of the connotation of "industrial chain" in the academic community, and different experts and scholars have elaborated on the connotation of industrial chain from different perspectives. From the perspective of division of labor, an industrial chain is a form of industrial organization based on a division of labor economy. It covers a wide range of industries, including all franchised node enterprises from suppliers to manufacturers, distributors, and retailers, emphasizing the division of labor and cooperation relationships between related industries or enterprises. From the perspective of the value chain, the industrial chain is a functional network chain that purchases raw materials, produces intermediate and finished products, and sells products to achieve value added. Some scholars, from the perspective of strategic alliances, believe that the industrial chain is the relationship between highly competitive enterprises in a certain industrial cluster and other enterprises forming strategic alliances. The industrial chain is a subject that pursues utility maximization, and utility is the fundamental factor in the formation mode of the industrial chain. Value and risk play a decisive role in the realization of utility, while strategic alliances can achieve value maximization by reducing costs and increasing profits. In addition, scholars have analyzed the connotation of the industrial chain from the perspective of industrial correlation and production process flow.
The optimization and integration of the industrial chain has been a common concern in the academic community in recent years. For developing countries, only by establishing a self-developed value network through the restructuring of industrial chains, supply chains, and value chains, and promoting deepening of division of labor, can they break free from the situation of being trapped in the value chain and take the lead in optimizing the industrial structure. The industrial chain refers to the dynamic and functional network like chain relationship objectively formed by various industrial organizations that undertake different value creation functions, interrelated and balanced development around the formation process of products/services. There are a large number of upstream and downstream relationships and exchange of mutual value in the chain, which includes five dimensions: enterprise chain, value chain, technology chain, product chain, and spatial chain. Based on existing research and combined with the current development status of the titanium alloy industry chain, this article selects three dimensions: value chain, technology chain, and spatial chain to analyze the coordination mechanism of the industry chain and regulate its formation and operation.
1.3 Military civilian collaborative innovation promotes the integration of the titanium alloy industry chain
The titanium alloy industry community includes military research and production units and enterprise communities, as well as civilian research and production units and enterprise communities. Through military civilian collaborative innovation of related technologies in the titanium alloy field, the two achieve resource integration, achievement sharing, and interactive collaboration, making the input-output efficiency of national scientific and technological innovation * * *, and also closely linked around the titanium alloy industry chain. Through collaborative innovation in military civilian technology, military and civilian scientific research and production units in the titanium alloy industry chain have effectively connected from the value chain, technology chain, and spatial chain, ultimately forming a pattern of integrated development.
The value chain mainly refers to the extension from the upstream raw material department to the downstream end product/service department. With the completion of the entire industrial production, the process of value formation, transmission, and appreciation, the connection of the value chain is the key to the formation of the industrial chain. The upstream of the titanium alloy industry value chain is mainly composed of civilian research and production units and enterprises as raw material suppliers, while the downstream is mainly composed of military research and production units and enterprises as demand parties. In addition to the production needs of related supporting products, driven by military civilian collaborative innovation, military and civilian enterprises continuously upgrade and replace related products around technological breakthroughs, promoting the value-added process of the value chain. At the same time, the supply and demand relationship between military and civilian enterprises has become increasingly close. The supply and demand relationship between upstream and downstream enterprises is balanced, forming an industrial ecosystem for coordinated development of military and civilian industries, and supporting industrial development.
The technology chain mainly refers to the dominant core technology in the industrial chain, which determines the core links and value distribution of the industrial chain. The diffusion of core technology can promote the reconstruction of the industrial chain. The core of the technology chain in the titanium alloy industry often belongs to large military enterprises in the national defense technology system. These enterprises have accumulated a large amount of technology and management experience in their development, which is an important "knowledge source" for military civilian collaborative innovation. They often determine the operation process and performance of collaborative innovation. By providing technical support to civilian scientific research and production units, they promote the two-way transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements.
The spatial chain mainly refers to the industrial chain focusing on the material and energy flow of geographically connected or close industries in the network, achieving harmony between industries and the environment by fully utilizing various by-products produced in the production process. Under the promotion of military civilian collaborative innovation, the distribution of national defense technology industry clusters is often led by one or several national defense and military industry enterprises. Through technological innovation, key element clusters are achieved, covering the industrial network layer, social network layer, and innovation network boundary. It is a dynamic learning and management process between organizations. This process takes military industry enterprises as the main actors, and through network governance, various entities can jointly act and exert collaborative efficiency, ultimately forming value added and knowledge creation. The military civilian integrated industrial cluster not only has the basic characteristics of a general industrial cluster, but also has the characteristics of being mostly military industry, mainly composed of "leading industry - related enterprises".
2. The current situation and problems of coordinated development between military and civilian in the titanium alloy industry
After more than 60 years of development, China's titanium alloy industry has significantly improved the research and application level of titanium alloy materials. Through the research process of "imitation, transformation, and innovation", a complete research and production system has been formed to meet the needs of national engineering in multiple fields. At present, the development of the titanium alloy industry still faces problems such as mismatched supply and demand of military and civilian products, insufficient effective supply of high-end products, and high costs and low efficiency caused by poor coordination of the industrial chain. The specific manifestations are as follows:
*The demand for titanium alloy in the weapons and equipment market is insufficient. Compared with advanced countries, China has relatively less use of titanium alloy in weapons and equipment, and lacks demonstration of the performance of new materials such as titanium alloy in the equipment development process, resulting in high production costs and unable to provide strong driving force for the titanium material market. The high uncertainty of demand has led to a lack of enthusiasm among civilian units to participate in the military. At present, most titanium alloy civilian enterprises participating in the research and production of weapons and equipment are engaged in the supply of components or raw materials. These products have high substitutability, which increases the uncertainty of civilian enterprise production. The poor information communication mechanism makes it difficult for civilian enterprises to understand the military's needs. China's defense industry has been in a closed and semi closed state for a long time, with a small scope of military procurement and limited channels for bidding information dissemination. High tech civilian enterprises in the titanium alloy field have long been unable to integrate into the defense technology industry system.
Secondly, the production capacity of civilian enterprises is difficult to meet the demand for high-end products in the military industry market. Firstly, there is overcapacity in civilian production and insufficient supply of high-end products. In the upstream of the industrial chain, the self-sufficiency rate of titanium concentrate and high-end sponge titanium products is insufficient, and it is necessary to meet the domestic market demand through imports; China's titanium processing materials mainly consist of mid to low-end plates, bars, and pipes, with low added value of products. The application of titanium alloy profiles in China is still blank, and it is still not possible to mass produce titanium alloy extruded profiles. There is no corresponding engineering research conditions for profile production established. Secondly, the development of manufacturing technology lags behind, and upstream processing equipment is subject to human constraints. There are many problems in the domestic titanium alloy field, including manufacturing methods, forming processes, mold technology, non-destructive testing, and manufacturing equipment. Key core processing equipment relies on imports, which seriously restricts the scientific research and production of titanium alloys in China. Thirdly, the original innovation ability of enterprises is weak. Due to limitations in talent, funding, and the incomplete industrial chain, small and medium-sized enterprises have weak demand for scientific and technological research and development.
Thirdly, the military civilian collaborative innovation capability of titanium alloy is insufficient. Although there have been breakthroughs in some high-tech areas in China's titanium alloy industry, the overall original innovation capability is weak, and the ability to transform laboratory technology into production technology that can be stably produced in large quantities needs to be improved. Firstly, in terms of scientific research management system, the national defense scientific research management system is self-contained and independent of the civilian scientific research system. The military civilian division of military civilian universities and research institutions is insufficient, and their integration with each other is not sufficient. Secondly, in terms of sharing military civilian innovation resources, military technology resources are relatively closed, and there is a lack of necessary channels and operational systems for the open utilization of technology resources. The overall utilization efficiency of military civilian technology resources is not high. Thirdly, there is a lack of titanium alloy military civilian collaborative innovation platforms, and there is an urgent need to establish collaborative innovation platforms and mechanisms, and strengthen resource sharing and sharing.
Fourthly, military and civilian research and development resources for titanium alloys are relatively concentrated, and the spatial layout needs to be optimized. The research and production units of titanium alloys in China are mainly concentrated in Liaoning, Shaanxi, Beijing, Jiangsu, and Shanghai, as shown in Figure 2. From the distribution of research capabilities, the main research institutions for titanium alloys in China are concentrated in developed cities in the eastern region such as Beijing and Shanghai, with a small number distributed in the central and northeastern regions. The research strength is gradually weakening from the eastern coastal areas to the inland areas. The seven key military research institutions are mainly distributed in areas such as Beijing and Shanghai, with relatively concentrated military civilian research and development resources.
3. Development model and path of titanium alloy industry based on military civilian collaborative innovation
3.1 Value chain integration based on supply and demand relationships
(1) The close integration of military and civilian industries around the supply and demand relationship of the industrial chain
In the titanium alloy value chain with national defense and military products as the terminal, civilian units and enterprises have obvious resource, production, and technological advantages in the upstream and midstream links of the industry chain from titanium concentrate smelting to titanium processing material production, and are the main suppliers of titanium alloy raw materials. As the main contracting units of weapons and equipment, various military industrial groups are the main demanders of titanium alloy materials in national defense construction. Military research institutes and production units extend from the demand side, focusing on the research of titanium alloy material processing technology. They have obvious production advantages and strong scientific research capabilities in the upstream and middle links of the industrial chain, such as the processing and manufacturing of titanium alloy materials and titanium alloy parts, and weapon system integration. The main units and enterprises of military and civilian sectors are closely linked in the value chain through the supply and demand relationship of titanium alloy.
(2) Strong complementarity between military and civilian production capacity and scientific research strength
In the titanium alloy value chain, military research and production units focus on the research and development of new titanium alloy products and titanium alloy component processing and manufacturing technologies. Only a few military research institutes have the production capacity of the entire titanium alloy industry chain, while most military units are not involved in titanium concentrate smelting and sponge titanium production. Overall, they exhibit the characteristics of high technological content and small production capacity scale. Civilian units and private enterprises have formed large production capacity in the upstream of the titanium concentrate smelting, sponge titanium production, titanium ingot processing and other industrial chains based on their resource advantages and civilian product market advantages. Some enterprises, relying on the technological advantages of civilian research units, have reached the domestic level in titanium alloy material processing and manufacturing, and have participated in the supply of titanium processing materials in the military market. A few high-tech enterprises have the ability to directly process and manufacture titanium alloy components for weapons and equipment. Overall, civilian units and enterprises have the characteristics of large production capacity and low technological content. From the perspective of military civilian coordination, it has strong complementarity.
3.2 Technology Chain Integration Based on Military Industry Core Technologies
The diffusion of core technologies is one of the important factors driving the restructuring of the industrial chain. The military industry in our country has high requirements for the application of titanium alloy materials, especially in the aviation field. The military aviation titanium alloy material system is relatively complete, which has met the basic needs of aircraft airframes and engines under research and production. A certain scale aviation material research and production base has been established, and a complete set of aviation titanium alloy material standards has been established and improved. The level of military application technology of titanium alloy is significantly higher than that of civilian product technology. Therefore, the continuous breakthrough and upgrading of military core technology has become the driving force for the integration of titanium alloy technology chain.
(1) Military research institutes are the main body of innovation and application in the field of titanium alloy military industry
The research and development of titanium alloy materials in the field of weapons and equipment in China is mainly carried out by the Military Industry Research Institute under the Eleventh Military Industry Group. Most of the key research units are concentrated in the aerospace field, and there are titanium alloy research units in the fields of weapons and equipment, ship equipment, and nuclear industry. The Military Research Institute is the main research and development unit for new technologies and products of titanium alloys in the military industry, and also the core of the diffusion of military core technology to civilian enterprises. The Military Industry Research Institute establishes alliance relationships with civilian enterprises through joint pre research, subcontracting and supporting, and achieves the integration of the technology chain through technical cooperation.
(2) The country actively absorbs civilian forces to participate in national defense technology innovation
The country strengthens the original innovation and systematic layout of military civilian cooperation, and carries out collaborative research on basic and cutting-edge technologies. The national "973" plan, the national "863" plan, and the major scientific and technological research plans issued by relevant departments such as the Ministry of General Equipment, the National Defense Science and Technology Administration, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China all provide continuous funding for titanium alloy manufacturing technology as a key project. The Equipment Development Department of the Military Commission and other military departments have vigorously attracted civilian units and enterprises to participate in research on titanium alloy related technologies in weapon and equipment manufacturing in the form of technical special fund guidelines.
(3) The coordinated construction and orderly promotion of technology innovation carriers such as innovation centers
The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Science and Technology of China, and other departments have laid out a number of innovation centers nationwide, providing a good development carrier for military civilian collaborative innovation. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has established 9 national manufacturing innovation centers, among which the National Additive Manufacturing Innovation Center located in Xi'an is jointly established by 5 universities including Xi'an Jiaotong University and 13 key enterprises in the production and research and development of additive manufacturing equipment, materials, and software. It provides technical research and development services around common problems, key technologies, and innovative application fields in the additive manufacturing industry. The "Guidelines for the Construction of National Technology Innovation Centers" issued by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China clearly states that during the 13th Five Year Plan period, China will lay out and construct about 20 national technology innovation centers. Currently, two have been built, and it is expected that a new materials national technology innovation center will be established in the coming years.
(4) Significant results of military civilian industry academia research cooperation
In terms of industry university research cooperation, the state supports military industry enterprises, institutions, universities, and private enterprises to form military civilian collaborative industry alliances and national defense technology innovation alliances, and promotes the development of military civilian dual-use technology through holding the China Military Civilian Dual Use Technology Innovation Application Competition and the Military Civilian Integration Development High tech Achievement Exhibition. In the field of titanium alloys, several major military research institutions, including the 725th Research Institute of China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation and the Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, have strengthened their industry university research cooperation in the form of alliances, with outstanding results, greatly promoting military civilian collaborative innovation in titanium alloy processing and preparation technology.
3.3 Spatial Chain Integration Based on Industrial Agglomeration Development
At present, China's titanium alloy industry has increased its regional innovation efforts and has basically formed several titanium alloy industry clusters with regional characteristics. The distribution types of titanium industry clusters in China can be roughly divided into three types: technology driven, resource dependent, and market oriented.
(1) Technology driven
The region, represented by Beijing, Shanghai, Shaanxi, Henan, and Liaoning, has gathered China's titanium alloy * technology forces and produced a number of achievements with independent intellectual property rights. The significant effect of driving industrial development through military and civilian scientific research is remarkable, with outstanding results in industry, academia, and research. The titanium alloy military research institutions in Beijing, Liaoning, Shanghai, Henan and other regions have strong capabilities and belong to a typical model of national defense technology and military demand driving the development of the titanium alloy industry. The 725th Institute of China Shipbuilding Industry in Luoyang, Henan Province is an important scientific research and production unit in the field of shipbuilding in China. Its subsidiary enterprises, Luoyang Shuangrui Wanji Titanium Industry and Luoyang Shuangrui Precision Casting Titanium Industry, respectively, specialize in the production of sponge titanium and titanium processing materials, forming a complete industrial chain and driving the development of the titanium alloy industry in the entire region. The Baoji region of Shaanxi Province has formed a "China Titanium Valley" industrial cluster, focusing on the transformation and development towards segmented markets. With the support of the leading titanium industry enterprise, Baotai Group, and Northwest Nonferrous Metals Research Institute, it focuses on technological innovation of titanium products and the application development of high-end fields such as aviation and aerospace, marine engineering, shipbuilding, and medical treatment. It actively develops new products, greatly enhancing the popularity of titanium products and achieving great breakthroughs in the application field of titanium.
(2) Resource dependent
This type of resource dependence is mainly concentrated in the western regions of Sichuan, Yunnan, and Qinghai, where titanium resources are abundant. The development of this region is based on natural resources. Firstly, the basic processing links in the upstream of the titanium alloy industry are developed, followed by stable initial processing, completing industrial upgrading, increasing product added value, and extending downstream of the industrial chain. Taking Sichuan as an example, the Panxi region of Sichuan is a reserve area for vanadium titanium magnetite in China. Based on its mineral resource advantages, Panzhihua Iron and Steel's vanadium titanium has outstanding technological advantages in the upstream links of the industry chain such as titanium concentrate smelting and sponge titanium production, and has become a leading domestic enterprise. The annual production of sponge titanium ranks first in the country, while actively expanding the downstream of the industry chain. Currently, a titanium industry chain has been formed from "titanium concentrate sponge titanium titanium and titanium alloy materials (plates, coils, rods, wires, pipes, forgings, etc.)". Similar enterprises include Qinghai Juneng in Qinghai Province, Yunnan Titanium Industry in Yunnan Province, and Zunyi Titanium Industry in Guizhou Province.
(3) Market oriented
This type of distribution mainly includes the Yangtze River Delta regions such as Jiangsu and Zhejiang, which have gained a large amount of foreign investment and international enterprise transfer due to their superior geographical advantages, resulting in these regions being dominated by outward oriented economies, thereby promoting the development of the titanium alloy industry. The titanium alloy civilian product market is showing a rapid development trend in major regions such as the Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta, with numerous titanium civilian product enterprises emerging, promoting the application and development of the domestic titanium industry. The demand in the military industry market remains one of the main driving forces for the titanium alloy industry. Liaoning and Shanghai are both typical technology driven regions and the headquarters of various production enterprises under the military industry group. The strong demand for new materials in the construction of weapons and equipment such as aerospace and ships has accelerated the development of the titanium alloy industry in these regions.
4. Suggestions and measures for promoting the integrated development of China's titanium alloy industry chain
4.1 Strengthen top-level coordination and policy guidance
Strengthen the leading role of the state, enhance the top-level design of the coordinated development of new materials between the military and civilians, explore the establishment of a special group for the coordinated development of new materials between the military and civilians, coordinate relevant military and civilian departments, implement and manage the science and technology plan for the coordinated development of new materials between the military and civilians, formulate a continuous rolling strategic planning and planning system, and promote the development of the new materials industry from top to bottom. Formulate and introduce special development plans and supportive policies for titanium alloys to promote high-quality development of the titanium material industry. Carry out the evaluation of military civilian coordinated development in the titanium alloy field, formulate and introduce special policies for the coordinated development of new materials, strengthen military civilian coordination in scientific research and production of the titanium material industry, and better support national defense and military construction.
4.2 Strengthen the basic management of the titanium alloy industry
Strengthening the coordinated development of the titanium alloy industry chain between military and civilians, with the aim of improving the research and development of core technologies for titanium alloys, and focusing on the basic management of the titanium alloy industry. The focus of military civilian integration is to break through the low-cost preparation technology of titanium alloys, with a focus on the development of low-cost preparation technology for titanium alloy raw materials by the people, and a focus on the development of titanium alloy material processing technology by the military to reduce manufacturing costs. By promoting the application of titanium alloys in the weapons and equipment market at low costs, a virtuous cycle is formed. Efforts should be made to standardize the titanium alloy industry, promote the reform of the military standardization system, coordinate the three standards, and adopt national and industry standards as much as possible in areas where civil technology has already been developed, gradually achieving military civilian coordination of the standard system. Establish a maturity standard system for titanium alloy technology to guide the direction of enterprise technological reform.
4.3 Accelerate the construction of a titanium alloy military civilian collaborative innovation system
Promote cooperation between relevant national defense technology industry, civil industry, and various related institutions through major special projects, establish titanium alloy industry technology innovation alliances and public service platforms; Strengthen the construction of titanium alloy disciplines and cultivate talents in titanium alloy technology with higher education institutions and research institutions as the center; Fully leverage the role of enterprises as innovative entities, integrate resources, rely on advantageous units, establish a national titanium alloy material technology innovation center for military civilian cooperation, encourage titanium alloy enterprises to establish engineering technology research centers and technology development centers through the establishment of industrial innovation funds, and increase the research and development efforts of private titanium alloy enterprises.
4.4 Accelerate the promotion and transformation of dual-use technological achievements in titanium alloy for military and civilian use
Give full play to the technological support role of national defense technology innovation in cultivating and developing the titanium alloy industry. In response to the major engineering needs in the national medium and long-term scientific and technological development plan, focus on developing large-sized and high-performance titanium materials, developing large-sized titanium alloy bars and forgings, wide plates, large diameter pipes, and developing scarce titanium strips and titanium alloy profiles and other products. Encourage civilian high-tech enterprises of titanium alloys to engage in the development of dual-use technologies for both military and civilian use, establish a system for reporting and displaying high-tech achievements of civilian titanium alloys, and enable military equipment departments to timely understand the achievements of civilian high-tech enterprises with military application potential. Release guidelines for national defense scientific research and weapon equipment collaborative research projects to civilian units, achieving two-way information exchange.
4.5 Steadily Promoting the Optimization and Adjustment of Titanium Alloy Research and Production Capacity Layout
According to the different distribution types of titanium alloy industry clusters in China, we will build titanium alloy military civilian integrated industry demonstration parks in Liaoning, Shaanxi, Sichuan and other regions, and leverage the incubation function and industrial cluster effect of titanium alloy parks. In technology driven areas with military industrial units, it is necessary to fully leverage the traction role of military industrial units, build high-quality "incubators" within the park, and accelerate the industrialization of military scientific and technological achievements and projects. In resource-based areas, we should further leverage the resource advantages of titanium alloy enterprises, focus on breakthroughs in the comprehensive utilization technology of titanium concentrate and sponge titanium production and extraction technology, and improve the supply level and self-sufficiency capacity of titanium alloy raw materials in China. In market-oriented areas, it is necessary to achieve an organic combination of military and civilian markets, and fully utilize market mechanisms to explore and promote the coordinated development of the titanium alloy industry between military and civilian sectors.
5. Conclusion
Titanium alloys have broad application prospects in the military market. Building a titanium alloy industry that combines military and civilian sectors is not only necessary for national industrial transformation and upgrading, but also to promote the upgrading of weapons and equipment, and support national defense and military construction. Promoting the coordinated development of the titanium alloy industry between military and civilians is actually aimed at further balancing the supply and demand relationship, facilitating the diffusion channels of military core technologies, and promoting the cluster development of the titanium alloy industry with innovative resources as the core, in the context of military civilian collaborative innovation. This study starts from the perspective of military civilian collaborative innovation, analyzes the mode and path of military civilian coordinated development of titanium alloy value chain, technology chain, and space chain, and proposes suggestions and measures to promote military civilian coordinated development of titanium alloy. The research conclusion can provide theoretical guidance for promoting the deep integration development of military and civilian fields in new material industries such as titanium alloy, and enrich relevant research content.

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